VITAL ORGAN- YOUR GUT

The Intestine is the portion of the digestive tract between the stomach and anus. It is divided into two major sections: The small intestine and the large intestine.

The small intestine is the part of the gastrointestinal tract (gut) between the stomach and the large intestine, and is where the vast majority of digestion and absorption of food takes place.

The small intestine is divided into three structural parts:

Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum

Food from the stomach is allowed into the duodenum by a muscle called the pylorus, or pyloric sphincter, and is then pushed through the small intestine by a process of muscular-wavelike contractions called peristalsis.

The small intestine is where most digestion takes place. Most of the digestive enzymes are secreted by the pancreas and enter the small intestine via the pancreatic duct. The enzymes are produced in response to the presence of nutrients. The hormone secretin also causes bicarbonate to be released into the small intestine from the pancreas in order to neutralize the potentially harmful acid coming from the stomach.

The three major classes of nutrients that undergo digestion are proteins, lipids (fats) and carbohydrates

The digested food can now pass into the blood vessels in the wall of the intestine through the process known as diffusion. The small intestine is the site where most of the nutrients from ingested food are absorbed.

Absorption of the majority of nutrients takes place in the jejunum, with the following notable exceptions:

Iron is absorbed in the duodenum.

Vitamin B12 and bile salts are absorbed in the terminal ileum.
Water and lipids are absorbed by passive diffusion throughout the small intestine.

The name suggests that the large intestine is something big and significant, but its function is limited and a man can survive without the large intestine but cannot do so without the small intestine. The large intestine also called colon is responsible for absorption of water and excretion of solid waste material. The diseases that affect the large intestine are diaorrhea, constipation, pain, bleeding and bloating.

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